You can read up on the areas listed here in the Points Of Interest thread in this folder. The farther North something is, the longer and harsher it's Winters, and farther South something is, the longer and hotter it's Summers.

Just like Canada, United States, and Mexico. The realms will follow the same seasons as these countries. If it's Winter in Northern Canada, it's Winter in the realms listed to be like those regions.

Lands trapped in perpetual Winter, the Arctic regions.
Isles of Drassa - Ice seal and snow bear hunting.
Iltania - No real marketable assets. Minimal mining.
Moon Island - Land of scholars.

Realms with weather like Canadia's tundra regions.
Lithya - No real agriculture. A country built on trade.
Emara - Rich land, but shorter growing season. Good coastal fishing.
Vesyria - Tundra. Short, scrubby grasses and bushes.
Tas - No agriculture. Rocky. Bitter, cold Winters with little snow.

Realms with weather like Northern United States and Southern Canada.
Eleur Province - Mild Winters due to warm ocean currents off the coast.
Elvenia - Similar to Central United States in climate. Temperate.
Rast - A land prone to nightly rain or snow, depending on season.
Namun - A vast grassland with fairly windy Winters and mild Summers.
Vor - Cold ocean currents provide for colder Winters and milder Summers.

Realms with weather like the United States.
Camira - Shorter Winters with long growing seasons.
Wilderbury - Fall and Spring rains make travel difficult. Good farming.
Isaul - Temperate and prone to storms off the Western seas.
Nelva Chi - Dryer Winters and Summers. Cooler Springs and Falls.
Aris - Temperate with thick forests and good rain in Fall and Spring.

Realms with weather similar to Mexico.
Garas - Prone to heavy rains and warm temperatures.
Baliose - Temperate with warmer Summers and rainy Winters. No snow.
Shala Ves - Warm, but comfortable thanks to cold current off the coast.
Tog - Warm, humid, and predominantly swamp.
Sava - Hot and humid with rain every day.